Types of Fireplace Dampers
Fireplace dampers are important components of a fireplace system that help control the flow of air and smoke. They are typically located at the top of the chimney and can be opened or closed to regulate the draft and prevent heat loss. Here are some common types of fireplace dampers:
1. Throat Dampers
Throat dampers are the most common type of dampers found in traditional masonry fireplaces. They are located at the top of the firebox, just above the throat of the fireplace. Throat dampers are typically made of cast iron or steel and are operated by a lever or chain mechanism. They open and close by sliding horizontally across the throat of the fireplace. While they are effective at sealing off the fireplace when not in use, they can be less efficient at preventing heat loss compared to other damper types.
2. Top-Sealing Dampers
Top-sealing dampers, also known as chimney caps or chimney top dampers, are installed at the top of the chimney and seal off the entire flue opening. They are typically operated by a cable or chain mechanism that allows the damper to be opened or closed from inside the fireplace. Top-sealing dampers provide a more effective seal than throat dampers, helping to reduce heat loss and prevent downdrafts. They also offer the added benefit of protecting the chimney from rain, debris, and animals when closed.
3. Vestal Dampers
Vestal dampers are a specific type of throat damper that feature a cast iron plate with a hinge mechanism. The plate can be lifted or lowered to open or close the damper. Vestal dampers are known for their durability and tight seal, which helps improve energy efficiency and prevent downdrafts.
4. Butterfly Dampers
Butterfly dampers, also known as pivot dampers or flue dampers, are located at the top of the chimney and consist of a metal plate that pivots open or closed. The plate is attached to a pivot rod and is operated by a handle or chain mechanism. Butterfly dampers provide a good seal when closed and can be adjusted to control the airflow and draft.
5. Dual-Action Dampers
Dual-action dampers are a combination of a throat damper and a chimney cap. They feature a metal plate that can slide horizontally across the throat of the fireplace to seal off the flue, similar to a throat damper. Additionally, they have a chimney cap that covers the entire top of the chimney when the damper is closed. Dual-action dampers offer the benefits of both throat dampers and top-sealing dampers, providing an effective seal and protection against the elements.
Each type of fireplace damper has its own advantages and considerations. It’s important to choose a damper that is compatible with your fireplace system, provides a good seal, and meets your specific needs and preferences. Consulting with a professional can help you select the right damper for your fireplace.